Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec

The favorite son of Comte de Toulouse-Lautrec Montfa, Henri was heir to a fortune and title, but two accidents at age 14 and 15 left him crippled for life and unnaturally dwarfish. By 18 he had migrated to Montmartre, one of many young Frenchmen disillusioned by the nation's humiliating defeat in the 1870 Franco-Prussian War (when Paris was overrun and the Second Empire of Napoleon III collapsed). Like many another introverted social outcast, he took to observing with a fiercely cruel detachment, sketching and re-sketching the dancers, whores, vaudeville musicians, and dissolute gentry who laughed and drank with them.

He had a tremendous hand - his sketches, even when absinthe-soaked, show a breathtaking quick insight of line. He worked at his art: his seemingly effortless posters were blocked and reblocked (the sketches and studies are in the museum) until he got not only the telling hand or lifted calf but also the silhouetted top hat and the ghoulish green eye shadow or kohled eyelid that reveals how much he despised some of his subjects. He was curiously gentle in his treatment of animals - the son of a fox hunter, he repeatedly sketched race and jumping horses, often from the side or rear, as if there were something impertinent in asking even a horse to pose for him. Absinthe wrecked him and he died at 37.

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ã Copyright 2002 David Alexander Smith